《高级职业英语》第5，6单元复习指导（2）

More Practice with Reading

Remember that texts often highlight topics in bold print. This helps readers to skim a chapter--to find the main points quickly. It's possible to preview a reading for the main topics in just a few seconds. Skim the following two articles to find out the main points discussed and then read for details. The two articles are kindly provided by the Beijing TVU.

TASKS

* Skim the text quickly and try to find those words indicating sports games.

* Read the text again and try to find the answers for the following questions:

1. What kind of activities do you need to do often in order to build up stamina?

2. What kind of activities do you need to do often in order to build up strength and muscle?

3. What kind of activities can prevent your joints from stiffening up?

4. What kind of clothes do you need when doing exercises?

Keep Fit

Get up and exercise! Lots of people do it just for fun, but there are other reasons–with regular exercise, you'll be healthier, look better and feel more relaxed and confident, too.

To be fit and healthy, you need to take regular exercise as well as follow a sensible diet. There are many forms of exercise--from a quick jog around the block, to swimming and team games. Whatever you choose, make sure it's something you enjoy so you'll keep it up. You don't have to go to extremes to feel the benefits--just 20 minutes two or three times a week is better than working out for hours one day and lazing about for the rest of the week.

Before you start any form of exercise, always warm up with gentle jogging and slow stretches. This makes your heart pump faster to deliver the extra oxygen you'll need, loosens your muscles and thickens the gristle(cartilage) in your joints, making them stronger and helping to avoid injury. The more energetic your workout, the longer you need to warm up beforehand. Always‘listen’to your body when you are exercising. If you get a stitch (sharp pain) or feel dizzy, stop at once--this is your body's way of telling you that something is wrong.

When you've finished your exercise session, cool down with more gentle jogging and stretches. This will help your heart slow down to its normal pace--if you stop exercising abruptly you may feel dizzy. Cooling down will also help to prevent your muscles getting sore or stiff.

Health benefits

Regular exercise brings three major health benefits--better staying power (stamina), bendier joints (suppleness) and greater muscle strength. It also reduces the risk of heart disease and improves your digestion, appetite, skin and hair.

Different physical activities benefit the body in different ways. But most provide more than one health benefit--swimming, for example, is an excellent all-rounder, building up stamina, strength and suppleness all at the same time.

Stamina Activities such as swimming, jogging, squash, tennis and dancing build up stamina so you can stay active for longer. They are called aerobic because they exercise the lungs and heart, making them work more efficiently to take in oxygen and deliver it around the body. Aerobic activity also speeds up the body's rate of releasing energy from food (metabolism), burning up calories more quickly to keep you slim.

Suppleness Some forms of exercise--dancing, gymnastics, swimming, yoga and martial arts such as karate--make your joints more bendy and help to prevent them from stiffening up. Because your body can twist, stretch and turn more easily, suppleness helps you to avoid injury. It also improves the way you stand (posture).

Strength Activities which use short bursts of energy--such as sprinting, cycling up steep hills, weight training, sit up and press ups--build up strength and muscle. Flabby muscle gets firmer, giving you a better shape. Young people, however, should never lift heavy weights to try to develop the physique of Mr or Ms Universe because their muscles and joints are still developing and can be damaged easily. Exercises like sit ups and press ups, where the body provides the resistance, are safer.

Dressing for exercise

For many forms of exercise, all you need is comfortable, loose-fitting clothing and a pair of trainers. Cotton clothing is best because it allows sweat to escape. Choose footwear with thick soles which will cushion and protect your feet--don't just buy the latest fashion. Leather shoes are better than plastic as they let your feet ‘breathe'If you are trying a new sport or activity that involves expensive, specialist equipment, do not rush out and buy it straight away. Instead, borrow or hire what you need until you are sure you want to keep up the activity.

　Keep Fit
Words and Expressions